Frost: ice development on uncovered surfaces as a consequence of atmospheric cooling and also a relative humidity of one hundred%. Frost Creep: a gradual downslope motion of soil attributable to recurring thawing and freezing. Frost Wedging: the weathering a result of water freezing and so expanding in cracks and fissues.
Grub: a thick, wormy beetle larva. Gardeners work diatomaceous soil into the earth in spring to help keep grubs from consuming plant roots.
Air Air pollution: sulfur oxides and particulates from industrial plants burning fossil fuels are The present worst sorts of air air pollution. Auto emissions run a close second. Most air pollution derives in one kind or Yet another from the use of petroleum products, oil specifically. See Oil down below.
(analyze): the research of interrelationships in between organisms and their environment. The phrase was coined in 1866 by German biologist and philosopher Ernest Haeckel, famous also for his discredited but attention-grabbing dictum that ontogeny (specific physical growth) recapitulates phylogeny (the evolutionary growth of its species).
Nutrient Biking: the biking of nutrients throughout the environment and its inhabitants from soil to vegetation to animals and back again to soil.
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Accretion: the accumulation of marine sediments at the edges of the continent, increase in some cases into full coastal mountain ranges. See Plate Tectonics for more about what triggers accretion.
Keystone Species: a species that raises or decreases the variety of a process. Instance: otters, which when hunted to extinction remove a Verify on The ocean urchins that will try to eat nearby kelp forests on which a number of other species rely.
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Hydrosphere: the water mass from the earth, including h2o vapor. Oceans occupy seventy one% from the planet floor: roughly exactly the same % occupied by drinking water within the human body. On the new drinking water in rivers, streams, reservoirs, and so forth., 90% is thought to indicate some degree of air pollution.
Alkaline: pH more than website 7; emits hydroxyl ions. Also called “simple.†It neutralizes the acids it brings together with chemically.
Macroecology: the examine of statistical distributions of huge groups of organisms or species to find out why the distribution patterns range.
Carrying Ability: the utmost poplation an ecosystem can assist of a specified species. An ongoing discussion focuses on whether the Earth's carrying capability for individuals has currently been exceeded or shortly will probably be.
Centripetal Power: power necessary to hold a transferring item in the round route from its inclination to fly outward.